Neurology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves¹ Neurologists are doctors who specialize in neurology and can perform some procedures, such as electroencephalography, lumbar puncture, or nerve conduction studies Some of the common neurological disorders that neurologists may treat include stroke, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, migraine, and neuropathy.   There are various types of treatments and equipment that are used in neurology, depending on the type and severity of the neurological disorder. Some of the common treatments are:

• Medications, such as anticonvulsants, antidepressants, analgesics, or anti-inflammatory drugs, that can help control symptoms, prevent complications, or slow down the progression of some neurological diseases
• Surgery, such as craniotomy, aneurysm clipping, tumor removal, or deep brain stimulation, that can help repair damage, remove lesions, or modify brain activity in some neurological conditions
• Rehabilitation, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, or cognitive therapy, that can help restore function, improve quality of life, or enhance recovery in some neurological disorders

Some of the common equipment that are used in neurology are:

• Neurodiagnostic devices, such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies (NCS), or evoked potentials (EP), that can help measure the electrical activity, function, or response of the nervous system
• Neuroimaging devices, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), that can help visualize the structure, blood flow, or metabolism of the nervous system
• Neurostimulation devices, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), or vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), that can help modulate the activity, excitability, or plasticity of the nervous system.

     

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Neurology